Improvement in printing-telegraphs



34 Sheets- Sheen l.

G. L. ANDERS. Printing Telegraph.

No. 210,896. Patented Dec. 17,1878..

N.PEFERS. PKQTD-LITNOGRAFHR. WASRINGTUN. D. D.

3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

G. L. ANDERS. Printing Telegraph. No. 210,896. Patented Dec. 17,1878..

MPEYERS. PMoTo-UKMDGRAPHER. WASHINGTON. Il c.

G. L.A ANDERS. .Printing Telegraph. No. 210,896.

3 Sheets-Sheet. 3.

Patented Dec. 1 7, 1878.

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N4 PEEE 8888 OTO-UTHDGRAFNER4 WASH NNNNNNN CA Unrnn *raras Para ro.

GEORGE L. ANDERS, 0F BOSTON, ASSIGNOR T() E. BAKER VELOH, 0F CAMBRIDGE,MASSACHUSETTS.

lVlPROt/EM ENT IN PRlNTiNG-TELSGRPHS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. QMLSQG, dated .December1T, 1878; application filed January 23, 1877.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, GEORGE LEE ANDERS, ot'Boston, in the county ot Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, haveinvented a new and useful Improvement in Printin g-Tele graphs, of whichthe following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference beingmade to the drawings accompanying and forming part of thisspecification.

This invention relates to improvements in the class ofprinting-telegraphs in which the type-wheel is rotated step by step bythe action oi electro-magnetism, and the printing mechanism iscontrolled by a device operated by the type-wheel mechanism, inconnection with a peculiar retardin g device, fully describedhereinafter, which permits the treemoveineut of the controlling devicein one direction, but retards its movement in the other direct-ion, sothat the action ot' the printing mechanism is automatically eii'ected onarresting the stepby-step movement of the type-wheel, and particularlyto printingftelegraphs of the class referred to used for reporting stockor market quotations, in which printiiig-telegraphs there 'are twocontiguous type-wheels, which are, re-

spectively, used for printing, as it may be desired to print eitherlet-ters or figures.

In the class of printing-telegraphs referred to having the saidrctarding mechanism in connection with the press-controlling device, theuse ot' a second magnet in the mainline circuit for operating the pressis avoided, and, consequently, the increase or decrease in the strengthot the main current, or the reversal ot' the said current not beingrequired for operatin g the press-magnet, as has been done in printlng-telegraphs in which the pressmagnet is in the main-line circuit, thiscurrent can be utilized for operating other parts of thetelegraphinstrument.

Myimprovements, therefore, consist ofthe combination ot'the ty} icwheel,electro-magnet,

pad, and peculiar' devices, fully described hereinafter, to etlectautomatically the printing of a strip ot' paper carried between thewheel and pad, the invention further consisting in certain details ot'construction.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a perspective view ot' myimproved print-ingtelegraph. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same. Fig. 3is a view of the same in elevation. Fig. 4 is a detached view ot' theunison device. Fig. 5 is a plan view of the magneto generator andtransniitter. Fi gs. 6 and 7 are detached views of the commutator andshifting keys. Fig. S is a ,view of part or' thetransmitter. Fig. 9 is adiagram, showing the arrangement of the circuits.

ln these iigurcs the same letters refer to the same parts.

The construe-tion and operation of the electro-magnetic device forshifting the printingpad will rst be described, it bein g understoodthat this shifting device can be applied to any form ofprinting-telegraphs in which the typewhcel is rotated step by step bythe action of alternate positive and negative currents, and in which theaction of the press is ett'ected otherwise than by a magnet in the sainemain circuit as the type-wheel magnet or magnets.

Referrihg to Figs. l and 2, A A1 is a fra-ining supporting and inclosingthe main driving-train and the shifting-magnets. B B1 is a framingplaced upon the framing AAI, and supporting and aii'ording bearings forthe type-wheel mechanism and press mechanism. G is the type-wheel arbor5 D, the escapementwheel on said arbor 5 E, the escapement attached tothe polarized ton gue F ot' a Siemens polarized magnet, M.

This method ot' rotating the type-wheel is the same as that shown in mypatent of October 2S, 1873, No. 144,05.

T T are typewheels; O, the hiking-roller; l?, the printing-pad, and N Nthefeed-rollers. The printing-pad is supported on a frame, E, whichslides on the shaft S, connected by an arm, U, to the rock-shaft S',attached by the lever U' to the armature L between two magnets, Ml M2.This armature L is pivoted as shown, and when acted upon by either ofthe magnets Ml M? will cause the printing-pad and paper to be shiftedfrom one type-wheel to the other through the connections before referredto. Each ot' these magnets Ml M2 is placed in a branch of the maincircuit, as shown in the diagram, Fie'. 9, the connection with eitherbranch being .made by the polar ized tongue of the type-wheel magnet,according to the polarity of the current. While the type-wheel is beingrotated under the influence of the alternate currents upon the polarizedtongue, the oscillations of the tongue are so rapid that the contactsmade with the branches 5 and 6 are not of sufficient dura-tion to alloweither of the magnets M1 M2 to become active; but when the rotation ofthe type-wheel is arrested the tongue will rest upon one ofthe contacts,accordin to the polarity of the last current transmitted, and the magnetconnected therewith can then be excited'by sending a prolonged currentof that polarity, and the press will be shifted.

By sending a current in the reverse direction the armature of thetype-wheel magnet -will make connection with the other branch,

the other magnet-will be excited, and the ypress will be shifted in theother direction.

Instead of the magnets, as shown, a polarized magnet may be used, itsarmature being moved from one side to the other to effect the shiftingof the press, according as the current is sent in one or the otherdirection. In this case there will be but one branch circuit, but two"contacts, i

It maybe desirable to shift the type-wheels -themselves instead of thepress and paper.

lt is obvious that the same electro-magnetic device can be used toeffect this resultas is used for shifting the press and paper, asdescribed. v

The alternate positive and negative currents for rotating the type-wheelmay be derived from a galvanie battery or from a magneto-electricmachine. In case the former source of power is used, any of thewell-known devices may be used for sending alternate currents andprolonging said currents; but when the magneto currents are used VIprefer touse the transmitter patented by me Aprilt, 1871,

No. 113,240, and also described and shown in my patent of November 2,1875, Letters Patent No. 169,506.

For the purpose of obtaining polarized currents for operating theshifting device from this transmitter, I use the device shown in Figs.5, 6, 7, 8, and in the diagram, Fig. 9. In

these figures, A2 is the revolving armature of the magneto-generator,whichk armaturegenerates alternate currents by its rotation in theWell-known manner. Upon the axis of this armature, as shown in Figs. 6and 7 is placed a commutator of the well-known form, `by which each ofthese series of alternate currents is practically converted into asingle current in the -same direction.

Reterring'to Figs. 6 and 7 a2 and b3 are the segments ofthe commutators,placed upon the axis of the armature and insulated from each other, andd2 and e3 are the contact-springs.

Suitable keys (shown in Fig. 5, at P1 P2) are so connected with thiscommutator that the y direction of the straight current taken from itcan be reversed at will by closing either. one

of these keys. Flach of these keys consists, as shown in Fig. 5 and inthe diagram, of a pair of strips of metal, 71,l h2 71,2 h4, attachedtogether, but insulated from each other, and connected to opposite polesof the commutator. When the keys P1 P2 are depressed or closed they makecontact with metallic pieces p p', one connected to the line and theother to earth, wire 1 leading to line and wire 2 to earth;

and these contact-plates are also connected to the arms m a of thetransmitter by the contact OI O2, as shown in Fig. 8 and the diagram.

rlhe mechanical operation of this transmitter having been fullydescribed in the patents before referred to, it need not here bedescribed.

While the transmitter is operating and the keys Pl P2 are open,alternate currents will be sent to the linein the usual manner; but whenthevtransmitting-cylinder B5 is stopped on ceasing to rotate thetype-wheel, but the armature of the generatorkept rotating, a prolongedcurrent in either direction may be sent by the depression of thel properkey.

If the key Pl is closed the current will pass from the commutator-springe2, strip h1, wire 4, plate p', wire 1 to line, thence through one ofthe magnets Ml M2 to earth, and thence through Wire 2 to plate p, striph2, wire 3, and commutator-spring 13, If key P2 is closed, the currentwill pass from the commutatorspring c3 by wire 4, strip h4, Wire `2 toearth, thence to line through one of the magnets Ml M2, and throughplate p', strip h2, wire 3 to the comm utator-spring d2.

It will thus be seen that the direction of the current through the typewheel magnet is different for each key, and, consequently, by means ofthe magnets Ml M2 the press-pad mayT be shifted from one wheel to theother. by closing the circuit alternately on the keys Pl P2.

The pole-changer or commutator which -I have thus described in`combination with a magneto generator and transmitting-instrument,operates, in connection with the magneto-generator, to continuepulsations of the same polarity upon the line after the transmittingmechanism is arrested by a key; but assuch combination is well known Ido not claim the same as novel.

Figs. 2 and 3 show the type-wheel mechanisln and press mechanism. Thetrains driving the type-wheel and moving the ypress device derive motionfrom the same mainvtrain, and are connected by an epicyclic gear,described and claimed in another application for -a `patent tiled by me.

B2 is connected, by a pinion, D2, with the typewheel arbor C, and thegear-wheel B1 gears into the arbor C2 G3 of the press-escapemcnt bymeans of the pinions D3 D4.

By this arrangement of gearing, when the movementot'the press mechanismis prevented by its escapement, the powerof the main driving-train willoperate the type-wheel arbor through the pinion D, arbor C, arm I,beveled pinion H', bevel-gear F1, gear-wheel B2, and pinion D2; and whenthe press-escapement releases the press mechanism and the typewheelescapement holds the type-wheel arbor, the power of the maindriving-train will operate the press through the pinion D, arbor C1,

` arm I, beveled pinion H', bevel-gear F2, gearwheel Bl, andratchet-wheel c.

The printing-pad is shown at l) in Fig. 3, and the mechanism for movingthis printin pad consists of a ratchet-wheel, c, attached to the sleeveof the gear-wheel Bl, and a lever, d, pivoted on the inside of theframe-plate B, the end of which lever bears against the ratchet-wheel,so that the lever is raised by the`teeth of the ratchet-wheel when thelatter rotates. A pin, e, projects through the plate B and raises thelever R, upon the end of which is fixed the printing-pad, when the leverd is raised by the ratchet-wheel.

The retarding` device used in' connection with the press-controllingdevice for causing the action of the press when the rotation of thetype-wheel is arrested is constructed as follows: Fixed upon thetype-wheel arborCis a wheel, Z, provided with teeth or pins. C3 is arock-shaft, properly supported in the frame B B', and a is an armattached thereto, the end ot' which arm rests upon the teeth `or pins onthe wheel b, so that as these teeth or pins are successively presentedto the end of the arm c on the rotation ot' the type-wheel the said armand rock-shaft will be rotated. el is another arm, also attached to therock-shaft and rotating with it, the end of which arm is provided with aspring-pawl, f. h is a serrated dish mounted on an axis in theframeplate Bl, and 'i is a toothed wheel upon the arbor of this disk. pis a pendulum pivoted to the frame Bl, and L is an anchor-escapementattached to it, which bears aga-inst the periphery of the serrated disk,so that when this disk rotates it will cause the pendulum to oscillate,and by the action of the escapement the disk will be prevented fromrotating except the rate determined by the time required forthe pendulumto make its oscillations. The pawlf acts upon the toothed wheel torotate the dish when the arm c moves in one direction, but slips overthe toothed wheel when the arm moves in the other direction.

Attached to the rock-shaft is another arm, d5, to which is attached aspring, s', which has a tendency to draw the arm down when raised up bythe action of the teeth of the wheel b ou the arm a.

strike against the end of the arm a the end oi' the arm is raised up,the roch-shaft is moved, and the spring-pawl glides over the teeth ofWhen the teeth on the wheel bv the wheel i without rotating it; but whenthe end of `the arm escapes from the pin or tooth on the wheel b andcommences to dropl down, the pawlf will act upon the toothed wheel fi.But, for the reason that the rotation of this wheel is retarded by theaction of the pendulum, the arm a will have time to move only a shortdistance before it is again elevated by the present-ation to it of thenextsucceeding tooth or pin on the wheel I1. When the arm is allowed todrop or fall its full distance, the press mechanism is released, but notuntil then, and consequently as long as the type-wheel rotates the presswill be prevented from actin fr.

The use of an oscillating escapement inthe combination described is animportant feature of my invention, as, owing to its character, it isthrown into operation the instant the arm a, begins to fall, andoperates continuously and uniformly so long as the arm continues todescend-a result which I have found this character of escapement to beespecially adapted to effect, as in other forms the time required to setthem in operation is a serious obstacle to their use in this connection.

The press-escapeinent consists ot' the arbors C? 04,1nountcd on theframing B B, one above the other, and driven by the wheel B1 by meansot' the pinions D3 Di. Each of these arbors has an arm attached to it,(shown at m 1n) the arm m extending downward, and arm n extendingupward, so that the ends of these arms nearly meet.

Between the ends of these arms plays the arm d upon the rock-shaft C3,and when the arm d5 is drawn down by the spring to theposition shown inFig. 3, the arm a will strike against the lip on the under side of thearm d5, so that the revolution of the said arm will be prevented and thepress mechanism held fixed; and when the arm di is elevated by theaction of the pins or teeth of the wheel b on the arm c, the arm m willbe prevented from moving by striking the end of the arm d5, and thepress mechanism will be held.

The position of m and n in relation to each other is such that while thearm d5 is passing between m and n and the press-train is free to move,it will be able to move the distance of one tooth on the ratchet-wheelc, and the press will be moved once.

Instead of the above-described escapeinent any othersuitable form ofescapement may be made use of which will accomplish the same result-as,for instance, the escapement shown in my patent of October 2S, 1873,before referred to.

The feeding mechanism for feeding the paper strips after making animpression is shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3. 1tconsists of two wheels, NN', between which the strip of paper is placed. The roller N is placedon the arbor of the toothed wheel B4, (shown in dotted lines in Fig. 3,)which gears with the wheel B, so that the wheel or roller N rotates ashort distance after each impression.

The surface of the roller N consists of alterlnate toothed surfaces a t2and' depressed lforms an armature for the type-wheel magnet.

When the escape-wheel rotates, the long tooth will strike against theend ot' the lever W, `and consequently the movement of the type-WheelWill be stopped until a stronger current than usual is sent through thetype- Wheel magnet, when the armature will be attracted andathe toothreleased. This strong current can be sent periodically at regularintervalsl by a suitable device in connection with the transmitter, andthus all the instruments `on the line can be kept in unison.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent ot'the United States, is

1. In a printing-telegraph having two contiguous type-Wheels rotatedstep by step by the action of alternate positive and negative currents,an electro magnet or magnets for shifting the printing-pad and paperstrip, or

for shifting the type-whcels connected to the line by the movement ofthe armature of the type-wheel magnet or magnets, substantially as andfor the purpose described.

2. In a printing-telegraph having two con- .tiguous type-Wheels rotatedstep by step by the action of alternate positive and negative currents,an electro magnet or magnets for shift-ing the printing-pad and paperstrip, or for shiftin g the type-Wheels, operating to shift in onedirection by a prolonged current of one polarity, and in the otherdirection by a prolonged current of opposite polarity, substantially asand for the purpose described.

3. In a printing-telegraph having two con tiguous Wheels rotated step bystep by the action of alternate positive and negative currents, thecombination, with the type-Wheel magnet or magnets, of twoelectro-magnets operating mechanism for shifting the printingpad andpaper strip, or the type-wheels when excited by a prolonged current, asdescribed, one magnet shifting in one direction and the other magnetshifting in the -other direction, and each placed in a branch of themain-line circuit, which branches are respectively connected to the lineas the type-Wheel magnet or magnets is influenced by a positive ornegative current, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. The combination, substantially as set forth, of a main driving-train,mechanism for rotating a type-Wheel or type-Wheels, mechanism for movingthe printing-pad to effect an impression, and a specific gearingconnecting' said mechanisms, so that both are driven by the said driving-train when the action of mechanism rotating the type-Wheel ortype-Wheels is controlled by electro-magnetism, so that a step-by-steprotation is given,and the mechanism moving the printing-pad iscontrolled by a device operated by the type-Wheel mechanism, inconnection With a retarding device which permits the free movement ofthe controlling device in one direction, but retards its movement in theother direction, whereby the action of the printing-pad is automaticallyeffected on arresting the step-by-step movement of the type-Wheel ortype-Wheels.

.5. A unison device acting to stop the type- Wheel at each revolution,and released by a periodic variation in the strength ot' thelinecurrent, substantially as and forthe purpose set forth.

6. A printing-telegraph having tivo contiguous type-wheels rotated stepby step by the action of alternate positive and negative currentscontrolling mechanism driven by a main drivin g-train, and connected tothe type-wheel mechanism by epicyclic gearing, substantially asdescribed, havingits press mechanism driven by the same driving-train,and controlled by a device operated by the type-wheel mechanisminconnection with a retarding device, acting as described, to cause theprinting to be automatically effected on the arrest oi' the step-by-stepmovement of the type-Wheel, and having a mechanism for shifting theprintingpad and paper strip or the type-Wheels, operated by aprolongation of the main-linecurrent, substantially as and for thepurpose described.

7. A printing-telegraph having its typewheels rotated step by step bythe action of alternate positive and negative currents, having itsprinting mechanism controlled by a device operated by the type-wheelmechan ism, in connection with a retarding device, as described, so thatthe action of the printing mechanism is automatically eii'ected onarresting the step-by-step movement of the type- Wheel, and having aunison device operated by a periodic increase of the main-line current.

S. The combination, in a printing-telegraph,-

ot' a type-Wheel or contiguous type-Wheels rotated step by step, a pressor type-Wheel shifting device, and a unison device, all separately andindependently operated by the direct action ofthe main-line current,With mechanism for moving the printing-pad to effect an impression,operated automatically on arresting the step-by-step movement of thetype-Wheel or type-wheels.

9. The combination of the magnets M1 M2, when arranged and connected tothe line as described, with the pivoted armature L and press-shiftin gmechanism operated thereby, substantially as and for the purposedescribed.

l0. The combination of the printing-pad P, frame R, levers W W',rock-shaft armature Il,

and magnets M1 M2, substantially as and for the purpose described.

11. The combination of an eseapement-Wheel having one tooth longer thanthe others with the lever XV, armature L', and type-Wheel magnet M,substantially as and for the purpose described.

l2. A feed-roller having alternate smooth and serrated surfaces,substantially as and for the purpose described.

13. The combination of a toothed Wheel7 c, lever d, pin e, andpress-frame R, substantially as and for the purpose described.

14. The combination7 with the magnetotranslnitter, of the eorninutator,keys P1 P2, and their connections7 for sending a continued current or"the line of either polarity, substantially as and for the purposedescribed.

15. The combination, in a printing-telegraph, of a printing-Wheelcontrolled from a polarized magnet to rotate step by step, and apower-press mechanism provided with an oseillating eseapernent1 whichprevents the press from acting except when the succession of currentsthrough the type-Wheel magnet is suspended, substantially asset forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my naine to this specification inpresence of two subscribing Witnesses.

GEORGE L. ANDERS.

Witnesses:

DAVID J. Henner, CHARLES W. Henner.

